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Author: Jennifer Tsang

How Pregnancy Changes the Vaginal Microbiome

Posted on November 30, 2022November 26, 2022 by Jennifer Tsang

During pregnancy, a person’s body undergoes a lot of changes – hormone fluctuations, morning sickness, loosening joints and ligaments, and well, the obvious: growing a mini human. As a microbiologist, I’ve wondered about the microbiome. What changes have occurred in the vaginal microbiome? What do these changes mean? And can the vaginal microbiome be predictive…

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collage of crocheted microbes

Knitting and Crocheting Microbes

Posted on November 26, 2022May 12, 2026 by Jennifer Tsang

I learned to crochet a few months ago for one reason: to make microbes. Though I have been knitting since I was a middle schooler, it wasn’t until this year that I learned to crochet. I learned the basics – how to chain, how to single crochet, etc. It turns out that after understanding a…

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa on blood agar showing beta hemolysis

Introduction to Blood Agar: Blood Agar Reveals How Microbes “Consume” Blood

Posted on October 31, 2022May 12, 2026 by Jennifer Tsang

Hearts, brains, and blood. These are some of the ingredients used to grow bacteria. Since the introduction of agar to bacterial cultivation methods by Fanny Hesse, microbiologists have been creating variations of agar medium to accommodate microbes that have different requirements for growth. The ingredient up for discussion today: blood.

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What is a Microbe? Why “Microbe” Is Difficult to Define

Posted on August 2, 2022August 2, 2022 by Jennifer Tsang

What is a microbe? On the surface, it seems easy to define. Many would say a microbe is an organism that is microscopic, one that is invisible to the naked eye. Many also include bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, protists, and even prions in the realm of microbiology. But, there are numerous nuances that challenge the…

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kefir in a jar with fruit

The Microbiology of Milk Kefir [Plus, How to Make Kefir at Home]

Posted on May 28, 2022April 30, 2026 by Jennifer Tsang

Originally published Jan 20, 2017. Updated April 30, 2026. We can thank microbes for the tangy flavor and the effervescent creamy texture of kefir. If you’re new to kefir, it’s similar to yogurt. Both are made by fermenting milk. To my taste buds, kefir is like an intensified form of yogurt, effervescent and wonderfully tart…

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